TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION
DEDICATION ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS iv
LIST OF TABLES V
ABSTRACT Vi
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 1
1.3 STUDY OBJECTIVES 2
1.3.1 General Objectives 2
1.3.2 Specific Objectives 2
1.4 Report Structure 3
CHAPTER TWO 4
2.1 Introduction 4
2.2 Criteria for defining urban areas 4
2.3 Agenda 21-human settlements 5
2.4 Historical perspective of urbanization 6
2.5 Causes of urbanization 6
2.6 Major problems with urbanization 7
2.7 Urban population outlook 12
2.8 Why urbanization is a major issue 13
2.9 Periodisation in urbanization 15
CHAPTER THREE 18
3.0 Methodology 18
3.1 Description of the study areas 18
3.1.1 Location.18
3.1.2 Climatic characteristics 19
3.1.3 Population 20
3.2.0 Research 20
3.2.1 Sampling procedures and data collection 20
3.2.2 Preliminary survey 20
3.2.3 Data sources 20
3.2.3.1 Primary data 20
3.2.3.2 Secondary data 21
3.2.3.3 Data analysis 21
CHAPTER FOUR 22
4.0 Results and discussion 22
4.1 Solid waste management 22
4.2 Increased energy use 23
4.3 Urban sanitation 24
4.4 Insufficient water supply 25
4.5 Respondents suggestions on urbanisation 26
4.5.1 On Rural economy 26
4.5.2 On by-laws 27
CHAPTER FIVE 29
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 29
5.1 Conclusion 29
5.2 Recommendations 29
5.2.1 General Recommendations 29
5.2.2 Specific Recommendations 30
5.3 References 31
5.4 Appendix 34
ABSTRACT This study was conducted in 2004 in four wards, Saba Saba, Mji Mpya,Mji Mkuu and Sultan area within Morogoro municipality. During the study thirty seven people were interviewed from the four wards. The aim ofthe study was to assess the impact of urbanisation on the environment in Morogo~o mun~cipality. Data were collected through questionnaires, focused group discussion and field observations in which both open and closed ended questionnaires were used during the study. Increase in number of people in Morogoro municipality ~as observed to have negative effects in environment within the municipal especially in regard to waste management, water supply, water pollution, energy use and urban planning. For instance the study showed that about 48.6% ofthe responoents interviewed depend on charcoal as the main source of energy whereas 32,4% use fire wood and 18.9% use electricity.This implies that there is much exploitation of forest resources to supply the said energy sources to the municipal residents. The study concluded that for effective environmental management in Morogoro municipality, more emphasis should be put on community participation as its mostly suffer. Also the government should focus more on the economy ofthe rural to enable rural population to have more access in their economic endeavors. This will reduce the rate ofrural-urban migration and enhance sustainable rural development.
